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Dada An international movement in the fine arts, drama, and literature that took shape in Zurich in 1916, with other major centers in New York, Germany and finally Paris. It reflected the cynicism engendered by World War I in improvised, sarcastic expressions of intuition and irrationality. Dada artists-among them Marcel Duchamp, Jean Arp, Francis Picabia and Max Ernst -appropriated papiers- colles for their witty collages and ready-mades for their sculpture. For example Marcel Duchamp used a urinal for his sculpture Fountain, 1917. Other important pieces are Nude Descending a Staircase by Duchamp, Fleurs de Neige, 1929 by Max Ernst and Maskenspiel, 1932 by Jean Arp.
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