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Renaissance:
As Europe emerged from the darkness of The Middle Ages there was a rebirth and intellectual stimulation promoting social, artistic, scientific and economic growth. The art of the Renaissance was created for the wealthy patrons of the church and egocentric competition among the artists fueled artistic invention and progress from the Fourteenth through the Sixteenth centuries. Italy was the center of the High Renaissance and produced artists such as Giotto, Michelangelo's Creation of Adam, Leonardo daVinci's Mona Lisa, and Botticelli's The Birth of Venus to name only a few. Giotto is credited with beginning to model the human form in three dimensions in the frescoes in the Arena Chapel in Padua. Medieval taboos forbade the creation of pagan images so previously all icons were defined by flat outlines. Michelangelo believed he was empowered by God to release the images that were inherent in the marble. As a true Renaissance man, Leonardo da Vinci , inventor, artist, scientist and philosopher, was ahead of his time.
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